Don't Blame Covid, Blame the Baby Boomers!

Ne blâmez pas la COVID, blâmez les baby-boomers!

By:
Tommy Baltzis

The year is 2032 in London’s East End, and 18-year-old Oliver Walker needs some answers. He approaches his father after dinner one night to ask him a simple question that’s been tormenting him for months; it’s about something his father says practically every day: “Gone are the good old days!”  

Why does he keep saying that?

A history lesson

To set expectations for the future, we must first understand the past. Our history has been filled with power struggles and wars since the dawn of man, but something happened after WWII that set the stage for two major shifts: the most “peaceful time” in the history of mankind and the biggest economic boom we have ever seen. To put it simply, the US offered the world access into its market in order for the world to rebuild their economies. In exchange, countries would agree to allow the US to police the world, and these same countries had to also side with the US instead of Russia.

This agreement obviously spurred the cold war, but on the flip side, it allowed the US to become the largest military power in the world and set the stage for globalization once the war ended. This created the largest worldwide economic boom and triggered the fastest-paced technological advancement in history. Basically, the US allowed countries to export their goods and services all over the world and assured them that if any issues occurred, the US would back them up. For the first time in history, allies and foes were on the same side. Supply chains ran through multiple countries, manufacturing was not plagued by security issues, shipments did not account for piracy, and the most important part of the business became just-in-time inventory at the lowest price possible. As such, risk management became so much easier. The world became like a sport; the US made the rules, and as long as you followed these rules, you could play the game. There would be winners and losers, but the game would continue.

This was also a magical time for consumers. The end of the cold war was marked by the collapse of the Soviet Union, which resulted in a major supply of commodities and raw materials being dumped on the world market. This oversupply set the stage for low commodity prices during an extended period of time. China brought a billion new workers to the world market, putting a downward wage pressure on labour costs. Technological advancements brought more productivity and even helped women enter the workforce in larger numbers. Birth control allowed women to choose when to have kids for the first time in history, and electricity allowed them to study at night once their kids had gone to bed and their housework was done. In other words, everything was cheap: commodities, labour, and transport. The middle class emerged in countries around the world as consumers found themselves with more disposable income, setting the stage for historical levels of credit and consumption. Demographics around the globe were in perfect sync between trading partners, and countries were moving from rural economies to industrialization and urbanization at a rapid pace. The cost of capital was getting lower and lower, and it was great! Just amazing! But all good things must come to an end.

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Nous sommes en 2032 dans l’East End de Londres et Oliver Walker, 18 ans, a besoin de réponses. Un soir, après le dîner, il aborde son père pour lui poser une question simple qui le tourmente depuis des mois ; il s’agit de quelque chose que son père dit pratiquement tous les jours: « Le bon vieux temps est révolu ! »  

Pourquoi répète-t-il toujours cela?

Une leçon d’histoire

Pour définir des attentes pour l’avenir, nous devons d’abord comprendre le passé. Notre histoire est jalonnée de luttes de pouvoir et de guerres depuis l’aube de l’humanité, mais quelque chose s’est produit après la Seconde Guerre mondiale qui a ouvert la voie à deux changements majeurs: la « période la plus pacifique » de l’histoire de l’humanité et le plus grand boom économique que nous ayons jamais connu. Pour le dire de façon simple, les États-Unis ont offert au monde l’accès à leur marché afin que le monde puisse reconstruire leurs économies. En échange, les pays devaient accepter de laisser les États-Unis contrôler le monde et ces mêmes pays devaient également se ranger du côté des États-Unis plutôt que de la Russie.

Cet accord a bien évidemment déclenché la guerre froide, mais d’un autre côté, il a permis aux États-Unis de devenir la plus grande puissance militaire du monde et a ouvert la voie à la mondialisation, une fois la guerre terminée. Cela a créé le plus grand boom économique mondial et a déclenché le progrès technologique le plus rapide de l’histoire. En gros, les États-Unis autorisaient les pays à exporter leurs biens et services dans le monde entier et leur garantissaient que, en cas de problème, les États-Unis les soutiendraient. Pour la première fois dans l’histoire, alliés et ennemis étaient du même côté. Les chaînes d’approvisionnement traversaient plusieurs pays, la fabrication n’était pas affectée par les problèmes de sécurité, les expéditions ne tenaient pas compte du piratage, et la partie la plus importante du monde des affaires était un inventaire juste à temps au prix le plus bas possible. Ainsi, la gestion des risques est devenue beaucoup plus facile. Le monde est devenu comme un sport, les États-Unis ont établi les règles et tant que vous suiviez ces règles, vous pouviez jouer le jeu. Il y aurait des gagnants et des perdants, mais le jeu se poursuivrait.

C’était aussi une période magique pour les consommateurs. La fin de la guerre froide a été marquée par l’effondrement de l’Union soviétique, qui a entraîné le déversement d’une grande quantité de produits de base et de matières premières sur le marché mondial. Cette offre excédentaire a ouvert la voie à une baisse des prix des produits de base pendant une longue période. La Chine a apporté un milliard de nouveaux travailleurs sur le marché mondial, exerçant une pression à la baisse sur les coûts de la main-d’œuvre. Les progrès technologiques ont permis d’accroître la productivité et ont même aidé les femmes à entrer sur le marché du travail en plus grand nombre. La régulation des naissances a permis aux femmes de choisir le moment d’avoir des enfants pour la première fois dans l’histoire et l’électricité leur a permis d’étudier le soir une fois que leurs enfants étaient couchés et que le ménage était fait. En d’autres termes, tout était bon marché : les matières premières, la main-d’œuvre et les transports. La classe moyenne est apparue dans tous les pays du monde, les consommateurs disposant d’un revenu disponible plus important, ce qui a ouvert la voie à des niveaux historiques de crédit et de consommation. La démographie mondiale était en parfaite synchronisation entre les partenaires commerciaux, les pays passaient d’une économie rurale à l’industrialisation et à l’urbanisation à un rythme rapide. Le coût du capital était de plus en plus bas, et c’était génial! Tout simplement incroyable! Mais toutes les bonnes choses ont une fin.

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Footnotes

Disclaimer
The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of Olympia Trust Company, Olympia Financial Group Inc., or any of its affiliates. The author’s views and opinions are based upon information they consider reliable, but neither Olympia Trust Company, Olympia Financial Group Inc. nor any of its affiliates, warrant its completeness or accuracy, and it should not be relied upon as such.

Tommy Baltzis
CEO, WhiteHaven

Tommy Baltzis serves as the President, CEO and portfolio manager of the Quebec-based investment firm WhiteHaven that he co-founded. Mr. Baltzis has over 20 years of experience in corporate finance and, over the last decade, has specialized in financial services in Canada. Under his leadership, WhiteHaven has combined assets under the management of CDN$ 1.5B and has pioneered democratizing alternative investments to the retail market through the exempt market. Mr. Baltzis also serves on various other board of corporations and notably as the Chairman of the Private Capital Markets Association of Canada and director to the Board of Governors of the Conseil des fonds d’investissement du Quebec. Mr. Baltzis is also a PwC Alumni and held senior roles with Lallemand, one of the largest international private yeast manufacturing corporations for 7 years. Mr. Baltzis received a bachelor’s degree in accounting from the John Molson School of Business and has earned the right to use the CFA designation and the CPA designation.

By:
Tommy Baltzis
Footnotes

Disclaimer
The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of Olympia Trust Company, Olympia Financial Group Inc., or any of its affiliates. The author’s views and opinions are based upon information they consider reliable, but neither Olympia Trust Company, Olympia Financial Group Inc. nor any of its affiliates, warrant its completeness or accuracy, and it should not be relied upon as such.

Tommy Baltzis
CEO, WhiteHaven

Tommy Baltzis serves as the President, CEO and portfolio manager of the Quebec-based investment firm WhiteHaven that he co-founded. Mr. Baltzis has over 20 years of experience in corporate finance and, over the last decade, has specialized in financial services in Canada. Under his leadership, WhiteHaven has combined assets under the management of CDN$ 1.5B and has pioneered democratizing alternative investments to the retail market through the exempt market. Mr. Baltzis also serves on various other board of corporations and notably as the Chairman of the Private Capital Markets Association of Canada and director to the Board of Governors of the Conseil des fonds d’investissement du Quebec. Mr. Baltzis is also a PwC Alumni and held senior roles with Lallemand, one of the largest international private yeast manufacturing corporations for 7 years. Mr. Baltzis received a bachelor’s degree in accounting from the John Molson School of Business and has earned the right to use the CFA designation and the CPA designation.